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Abstract
This study is devoted to a comparative quantitative analysis of subsidized and non-subsidized vacancies in Kazakhstan based on microdata from an online portal (72,391 advertisements) collected by October 2025. The study fills an empirical gap in understanding how the status of government subsidies reflects advertised wages and human capital requirements at the point of supply.
The available data set was divided into two categories: government-subsidized and non-subsidized job vacancies. We conduct a comparative analysis of the two types, regressing potential wages on education level, settlement type, and other factors.
The results show different “effects of education” for education in the two segments: in unsubsidized jobs, higher and postgraduate education is positively associated with a higher minimum wage, while in subsidized jobs, the effect of higher education does not generate a comparable premium.
The findings are interpreted as empirical confirmation of job supply segmentation. Subsidized jobs are a more standardized but, on average, lower-paying segment, while non-subsidized jobs are higher-paying but less transparent in terms of pay conditions.